Evacuation times to reach the safe zone based on walking speed of 3.3 km h^−1
Etna, Italy, 2019
Figure 4 in: Osman, S., Rossi, E., Bonadonna, C., Frischknecht, C., Andronico, D., Cioni, R., & Scollo, S. (2019). Exposure-based risk assessment and emergency management associated with the fallout of large clasts at Mount Etna. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 19(3), 589-610. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-19-589-2019
This hazard map is the result of scientific research and was published in academic literature.
It is presented here to serve as an example of the map type or the map-making methodology. It is NOT the official, operational map. For the current operational hazard map, please consult the proper institutional authorities.
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Osman, S., Rossi, E., Bonadonna, C., Frischknecht, C., Andronico, D., Cioni, R., & Scollo, S. (2019). Exposure-based risk assessment and emergency management associated with the fallout of large clasts at Mount Etna. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 19(3), 589-610. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-19-589-2019Map Set
https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-19-589-2019
Other Maps In Set:
Map Data
Map ID 4057 Hazard Process(es) Tephra fall Hazard Zone Presentation Single hazard: A single hazard process is represented on a series of small map panels of similar sizes Temporal Scale Background, or long-term, map Spatial Scale Volcano and surrounding area Publication Format Figure in a journal article Zonation Method(s) Probabilistic modeling Zonation Model(s) Unnamed tephra sedimentation model [Rossi et al. 2019] (Rossi et al. 2019) Scenario(s) Considered Season or weather; Size, VEI, or intensity; Specific past eruption Hazard Zone Label(s) Access (exclusion, danger, or safe zones) Probability Definition(s) Numeric probability Purpose Crisis management and response: Intended to be used for managing, responding to, and taking action during an eruption; often includes evacuation routes, access restrictions, actions to take, etc. Audience Scientists (usually in scientific publication) Language(s) English Basemap(s) Hillshade Basemap overlay(s) Infrastructure map; Street map Diemsionality Planimetric (2D or map) view Color Scheme Purple to Yellow