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Calculated tephra fall contours for the three thresholds used for assessing exposure: 0.5, 10 and 50 mm, for Menengai volcano in Kenya (left) and Fogo volcano in Cabo Verde (right) for the three return periods defined by GFDRR: 1000 years (upper), 500 years (upper middle), 250 years (lower middle), and for a VEI 4 simulation that impacts large population centres (lower)

Menengai & Fogo, Cape Verde, Kenya, 2024

Figure 6 in: Jenkins, S. F., Mee, K., Engwell, S. L., Loughlin, S. C., Faria, B. V. E., Yirgu, G., ... & Crummy, J. (2024). Assessing volcanic hazard and exposure in a data poor context: Case study for Ethiopia, Kenya, and Cabo Verde. Progress in Disaster Science, 23, 100350.



This hazard map is the result of scientific research and was published in academic literature. It is presented here to serve as an example of the map type or the map-making methodology. It is NOT the official, operational map. For the current operational hazard map, please consult the proper institutional authorities.


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Map Set

Jenkins, S. F., Mee, K., Engwell, S. L., Loughlin, S. C., Faria, B. V. E., Yirgu, G., ... & Crummy, J. (2024). Assessing volcanic hazard and exposure in a data poor context: Case study for Ethiopia, Kenya, and Cabo Verde. Progress in Disaster Science, 23, 100350.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdisas.2024.100350

Other Maps In Set:

Map Data

Map ID4443
Hazard Process(es)Tephra fall
Hazard Zone PresentationSingle hazard: A single hazard process is represented on a series of small map panels of similar sizes
Temporal ScaleBackground, or long-term, map
Spatial ScaleMultiple scales
Publication FormatFigure in a journal article
Zonation Method(s)Probabilistic modeling
Zonation Model(s)Tephra2 (Bonadonna et al. 2005; Bonadonna et al. 2010; Connor et al. 2011)
Scenario(s) ConsideredSeason or weather; Size, VEI, or intensity
Hazard Zone Label(s)Estimated value or Hazard Impact Metric
Probability Definition(s)No probability definition was discernable from the map
PurposeScientific interest: Intended for scientific research and general scientific interest; usually published in academic journals
AudienceScientists (usually in scientific publication)
Language(s)English
Basemap(s)Population map
Basemap overlay(s)
DiemsionalityPlanimetric (2D or map) view
Color SchemePurple to Yellow
Volcanic Alert Level System
Go to Global Volcanism Program page for Menengai & Fogo →